IP PRACTICE – ENFORCEMENT TEAM

Vision & Associates, the leading Vietnam legal and IP firm, is seeking qualified candidates to work in our Hanoi head office, for the following positions in IP PRACTICE – ENFORCEMENT TEAM

JOB DESCRIPTION:

• Conducting IP infringement analysis;
• Reviewing, formulating strategies, providing consultancy for, and responding to client’s inquiries relating to IP infringement- related matters;
• Coordinating with Vietnam enforcement authorities for settlement of IP infringements/ disputes;
• Assisting (other) Senior Associates and/or Partners in court cases;
• Performing other necessary tasks related to IP infringement-related matters.

REQUIREMENTS:

• Bachelor Degree; a Law Degree is preferable;
• At least 2 years of work experience in IP enforcement;
• Fluency in English communication and excellent writing skills;
• Excellent analytical, communication, and research skills;
• Excellent problem-solving ability;
• Ability to work independently and under high pressure.

COMPREHENSIVE EMPLOYEE BENEFITS:

• Working hours: 9:00 am – 6:00 pm;
• 13th monthly salary, and revenue bonus ;
• Paid leave: 12 days annual + 3 days sick leave;
• Healthcare: Annual check-up;
• Team Building: Company outing trips or annual summer holiday;
• Other Benefits: As per Company policy.

 

Please send the CV to:

VISION & ASSOCIATES
Unit 308-310, 3rd Floor, Hanoi Towers,
49 Hai Ba Trung Street, Hoan Kiem, Hanoi.
Or:
vision@vision-associates.com




Highlights of E-commerce Law 2025

Currently, e-commerce activities in Vietnam are primarily regulated by Decree No. 52/2013/ND-CP dated 16 May 2013, on E-commerce (as amended from time to time) (“Decree 52”). However, as from 1 July 2026, Law No. 122/2025/QH15 on E-commerce, passed by the 15th Legislature of National Assembly on 10 December 2025, will take effect (“E-commerce Law”), marking the first time Vietnam has a separate law comprehensively regulating the field of e-commerce.

Within the scope of this article, we would like to introduce some notable contents of the E-commerce Law related to foreign investment in this field and foreign e-commerce platforms operating in Vietnam.

1. Scope of Application:

Regarding the scope of application, the E-commerce Law has a broad scope, encompassing several e-commerce activities in areas already regulated by specialized laws, such as financial services, banking, credit, insurance, lottery; buying and selling, and exchanging money, gold, foreign exchange and other means of payment; betting services or games with prizes; distribution and publishing services of digital information content products, broadcasting and television services; which were previously excluded by Decree 52.

According to the E-commerce Law, e-commerce activity is defined as “a commercial activity conducted partially or entirely in an electronic environment”. Thus, compared to Decree 52, e-commerce activities are regulated in a more comprehensive way regarding technological platforms, and are not limited to specific technical infrastructure, such as the Internet, mobile telecommunications networks or other open networks.

Furthermore, the E-commerce Law also introduces, for the first time, a system of new concepts to reflect the evolving e-commerce business models in practice, including: E-commerce platform; Business-to-consumer e-commerce platform; Intermediary e-commerce platform; Social media platform engaged in e-commerce ; Integrated e-commerce platform; E-commerce platform manager; Online ordering function (OP); Online communication function; Livestream sales; Livestream sales presenters; Affiliate marketing services in e-commerce; Organizations and individuals providing affiliate marketing services in e-commerce; Affiliate marketers in e-commerce; etc..

2. Foreign Investment Activities in the E-commerce Sector:

Similar to the approach of Investment Law 2025, the E-commerce Law defines the management and operation of intermediary e-commerce platforms, social media platforms engaged in e-commerce, and integrated e-commerce platforms as a sector where market access is conditional for foreign investors, falling on the List of sectors with conditional market access as stipulated by investment laws. The Government will specify the detailed conditions for market access applicable to foreign investors.

3. Management and Operation of Foreign E-commerce Platforms:

Compared to Decree 52, the E-commerce Law provides more comprehensive regulations on the management and operation of foreign e-commerce platforms operating in Vietnam (defined as “foreign e-commerce platforms of which managers are foreign organizations lawfully operating in accordance with foreign laws and having a mechanism allowing the selection of Vietnamese as the display language, or using the national domain name of Vietnam “.vn”, or reaching a transaction threshold with buyers in Vietnam, excluding business-to-consumer e-commerce platform without an online ordering function”). Accordingly, the managing entity of a foreign e-commerce platform operating in Vietnam must register with the competent State agency.

In addition, depending on the operational features of the e-commerce platform, each platform manager must fulfill the following requirements:

(a) The manager of a foreign business-to-consumer e-commerce platform with online ordering function must designate a legal entity in Vietnam under authorization before the platform selects Vietnamese as the display language or uses a Vietnamese national domain name “.vn”, or after reaching the transaction threshold with buyers in Vietnam, unless otherwise stipulated by law.
(b) The manager of an intermediary e-commerce platform without online ordering function or a social media platform engaged in e-commerce without online ordering function must designate an authorized representative in Vietnam before the platform selects Vietnamese as the display language or uses a Vietnamese national domain name “.vn”, and meet the conditions for managing and operating the e-commerce platform.
(c) The manager of an intermediary e-commerce platform with online ordering function or a social media platform engaged in e-commerce with online ordering function or an integrated e-commerce platform must establish a legal entity in Vietnam before the platform selects Vietnamese as the display language or uses a Vietnamese national domain name “.vn”, or after reaching the transaction threshold with buyers in Vietnam. In cases where an international treaty to which Vietnam is a party contains a commitment not to require the establishment of a legal entity, then the establishment of a legal entity is not required, but the following must be satisfied: (i) Designation of a legal entity in Vietnam under authorization; (ii) Deposit of funds at a commercial bank in Vietnam or a foreign bank’s branch in Vietnam to compensate consumers for damages and fulfill financial obligations to the State of Vietnam; (iii) Conditions for the management and operation of the e-commerce platform.

The Government will specify in detail the transaction thresholds with buyers in Vietnam; the conditions for managing and operating e-commerce platforms; the deposit requirements; the authority, procedures, and processes for registering, amending, supplementing, and terminating the registration of foreign e-commerce platforms operating in Vietnam.

4. Responsibilities of the authorized representative in Vietnam of the manager of a foreign e-commerce platform operating in Vietnam:

The authorized representative in Vietnam of the manager of an intermediary e-commerce platform without online ordering function or a social media platform engaged in e-commerce without online ordering function shall perform the following responsibilities: (a) Being authorized to carry out legal procedures regarding e-commerce activities with the competent State agencies; (b) Complying with the requirements of the competent State agencies to resolve disputes and complaints, investigate, and handle violations of the laws; (c) Submitting periodic online reports through the E-commerce activity management system or as required by the competent state agencies.

For legal entities authorized in Vietnam by the managers of business-to-consumer e-commerce platforms with online ordering function or of intermediary e-commerce platforms with online ordering function or of social media platforms engaged in e-commerce with online ordering function that are not required to establish a legal entity in Vietnam according to the provisions of international treaties to which Vietnam is a member; and the managers of integrated e-commerce platforms, they should note the following requirements:

(a) They must be authorized to perform the following responsibilities: (i) Carrying out legal procedures regarding e-commerce activities with the competent State agencies; (ii) Conducting inspections, monitoring, and promptly dealing with violations of the laws upon detection or receipt of reports; removing information about goods and services that violate the laws from the time of receiving a request from a competent State agency as prescribed by the Government; (iii) Coordinating in resolving complaints, requests, and grievances regarding goods and services from buyers in Vietnam; (iv) Receiving information and coordinating the handling of goods supplied by sellers that do not conform to the content announced, published, listed, advertised, introduced, concluded, and committed on the platform; (v) In case of discovering goods with defects as prescribed by the laws on protection of consumers’ rights, requesting the platform manager to publicly disclose information on the platform, directly notify the buyer thereof, and coordinating the recall of goods. The determination of responsibility, handling of goods with defects, and compensation for damages shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of civil laws and laws on protection of consumer’s rights; (vi) Fulfilling the responsibilities of the platform manager as stipulated in the E-commerce Law, the provisions of laws on data, cybersecurity, products and goods’ quality, advertising, protection of consumers’ rights; and provisions of other relevant laws. In addition, the legal entity authorized in Vietnam by the manager of an integrated e-commerce platform must also be authorized to perform the following additional responsibilities: (i) Implementing compliance measures regarding cross-border data transfer and processing as well as personal data protection as prescribed by law; (ii) Fulfilling responsibilities as prescribed by the laws on data, cybersecurity; and provisions of other relevant laws; and
(b) Fulfilling the following responsibilities with the competent State agencies: (i) Complying with requests from the competent State agencies to resolve disputes and complaints, investigate, and handle violations of the laws; (ii) Submitting periodic online reports through the E-commerce activity management system or as requested by the competent State agencies.

5. Information Disclosure:

According to the E-commerce Law, e-commerce platforms must:

(a) publicly disclose basic information about the operating conditions on the e-commerce platform, including: (i) Information about the platform’s manager; (ii) Privacy policy; (iii) Rights and obligations of the parties; (iv) Methods for receiving and resolving feedback, requests, and complaints; to be displayed in a prominent location on the platform, in Vietnamese, easily understandable, not misleading, not violating any legal prohibitions, not contrary to social ethics, ensuring equality between parties, complying with the provisions of civil, commercial, advertising, competition, consumer protection laws and other relevant laws; and
(b) have a mechanism for users to express their consent to the above-mentioned information before opening an account on the e-commerce platform.

In addition:

(a) E-commerce platforms with online ordering function must also ensure:

(i) publicly disclosing on the e-commerce platform general information applicable to goods and services, including policies on: (A) pricing, (B) delivery/service provision methods, (C) returns/service termination, and (D) refunds;
(ii) clearly, fully, and accurately displaying to all parties involved the content of the contractual agreement;
(iii) having a mechanism allowing buyers to express their agreement to the terms and conditions of the transaction before placing an order, including: (A) goods/services, (B) delivery/service provision methods and timeframes, (C) applicable promotional offers, (D) value of goods/services; taxes; shipping costs and other costs; (E) payment methods;
(iv) having a mechanism that allows the buyer to review and modify specific terms and conditions of the transaction.

(b) E-commerce platforms that integrate an automated electronic contract signing system must display specific terms and conditions of the transaction before contract signing. The platform manager is responsible for the technical conditions, ensuring that the execution, implementation and termination of automated contracts are conducted transparently, securely, traceably, and securely.

After placing an order, the aforementioned details must be displayed and accessible from the buyer’s account.




Highlights of new Decree providing guidelines for Law on Advertising

On 26 December 2025, the Government issued Decree No. 342/2025/ND-CP, detailing a number of articles of Law on Advertising as amended in 2025 (“Decree 342”). Decree 342 took effect on 15 February 2026.

Decree 342 specifically regulates many important aspects of advertising activities in Vietnam in both traditional and digital environments, providing several notable regulations related to online advertising management and user experience protection. Recently, many Internet users in Vietnam have expressed frustration with the proliferation of online advertisements that are difficult to disable or cannot be skipped, especially on video platforms. Therefore, the new regulations limiting advertising time and allowing users to disable ads are expected to contribute to resolving these issues. In addition, the prevalence of false advertising and the promotion of unverified products by some influencers also necessitates enhanced management in this field.

Some new regulations of Decree 342 can be summarized as follows:

1. Strengthening Management of Online Advertising in Non-Fixed Areas

According to Decree 342, “Advertising in non-fixed area” is defined as advertising displayed at non-fixed locations and times on online service interfaces, obscuring all or part of the main content and disrupting users’ access to information.

Decree 342 specifies the requirements for this type of advertising, including:

(a) The icon to close the advertisement must be clear and easy to operate, ensuring the advertisement is closed with only one interaction. Fake or difficult-to-recognize close icons that mislead users are not permitted.
(b) A waiting time for closing an advertisement is not allowed for static image advertisements. For advertisements in the form of a sequence of moving images or videos, the maximum waiting time is 5 seconds. This regulation is considered noteworthy, given that previously many advertising platforms forced users to watch ads for a relatively long time (usually 15-30 seconds or more) before they could close them;
(c) Entities engaged in advertising activities must provide icons and instructions on how users can report advertising content that violates the laws; as well as options to reject, close, or stop watching inappropriate advertisements.

2. Clearer Legal Responsibility Regulations for Online Advertising Platforms

Decree 342 clarifies the legal responsibility of social networks, search engines, and content sharing platforms. Accordingly, these advertising platforms must implement measures to control advertising contents and prevent or remove infringing advertisements upon request from competent authorities. Specifically:

(a) Advertisers, persons conducting business of advertising services, persons conveying advertising products, and advertising distributors participating in online advertising activities must implement or coordinate the blocking and removal of illegal advertisements within 24 hours from receipt of a written or electronic request from Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism (“MOCST”) or other competent authority as prescribed by specialized laws. For advertisements with content that infringes on national security, the blocking and removal must be done timely but no later than 24 hours from the time of issuing the request.
(b) Telecommunications enterprises and Internet service providers must implement necessary technical measures to block access to illegal advertisements or services within 24 hours from receipt of a request by telephone, in writing or by electronic means from the MOCST and Ministry of Public Security (“MOPS).
(c) Reports on illegal advertisements must be timely received and processed by the entities engaged in advertising activities; and the results must be communicated to the consumers in accordance with the laws.

If any entity fails to fulfill its responsibility to prevent or remove infringing advertisements as stipulated above, the MOCST and the MOPS may deploy technical measures to block infringing advertisements or services and take dealing measures in accordance with the laws.

3. Enhancing transparency in inbound advertising activities

To improve the management of inbound advertising activities, Decree 342 sets out a series of new requirements, including:

(a) Notification of contact information:

(i) Organizations and enterprises providing online advertising services in Vietnam (including domestic or foreign ones) must notify the MOCST of their contact information before commencing business operations in Vietnam (according to Form No. 03 in the Appendix accompanying Decree 342).
(ii) The notice thereof can be submitted directly, via postal service, electronically, or through the National Public Service Portal (“NPSP”). If submitted via the NPSP, the notice must bear digital signature in accordance with the laws on electronic transactions. Within 4 working days of receiving a valid notice, the MOCST will issue a confirmation of the notification. In case of changes to contact information, the organization or enterprise must re-perform the notification procedures and send its notice to the MOCST.

(b) Persons conducting business of advertising services, when establishing and operating intermediary digital platforms to provide services, must comply with the following regulations on transparency in online advertising activities:

(i) Displaying information for each specific advertisement, including: Name and address of the advertiser or the organization/individual authorized to purchase the advertisement;
(ii) When running advertisements through search engines, there must be a distinguishing mark between sponsored results and regular search results.

(c) For three years from the last date an advertisement was displayed, the person conducting business of online advertising service must fully store and ensure the accessibility of information and records regarding advertising activities, including information about the advertiser (name, address, business registration certificate or valid legal documents); the advertised product; the advertised product sample; the advertising service provision period; the advertisement placement; and related documents (contracts, agreements, documents related to the advertising product).

(d) Persons conducting business of online advertising services must submit annual periodic reports on their online advertising business activities in Vietnam (according to Form No. 04 in the Appendix accompanying Decree 342) to the MOCST no later than 25th November of each year, and also submit ad hoc reports when requested by the MOCST. Reports can be submitted directly, via postal service, electronically, or through the NPSP.

The aforementioned regulations are considered a significant step forward, given that many violating advertisements currently originate from platforms with servers located abroad, making inspection and enforcement difficult.

4. Reinforcing Management of Advertising Activities on Network-connected Display Screens

According to Decree 342, advertising on network-connected display screens (Light Emitting Diode (LED) screens, Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) screens, screens in elevators, and similar forms) must comply with the laws on advertising, cybersecurity, and the management, provision, and use of Internet services and cyber-information.

For organizations and individuals conducting business of advertising services on network-connected display screens, Decree 342 clearly states their responsibilities in:

(a) Having technical solutions to enable advertising distributors and advertisers to control and remove infringing advertising products;
(b) Storing and providing to the local State management agency on advertising, upon request, information related to advertising products (quantity and name of the advertising product, advertised goods or services), advertising time and schedule, and the entity responsible for the advertising product.
(c) Preventing and removing information that violates the law as requested by the MOCST and other competent authorities as prescribed.

Furthermore, Decree 342 requires:

(a) Advertising using network-connected advertising screens in elevators must ensure that elevator safety requirements are not compromised.
(b) The installation and use of data-collecting devices on these screens may only be for statistical and analytical purposes regarding viewership, advertising reach, and may not collect or use personal data. If personal data is collected or processed, it must be implemented with the consent of the data subject and in compliance with the laws on personal data protection and privacy.
(c) Systems of network-connected advertising screens (meaning the gathering of two or more network-connected advertising screens managed by the same organization or individual and capable of remotely updating advertising content via network connection) must ensure the ability to record display history, and advertising time and content for inspection and compliance with cyber-information security regulations.

5. Tightening Regulations on Advertising Activities for Special Product Groups, Goods, and Services

Guiding Clause 4, Article 19 of the Law on Advertising, Decree 342 expands the list of special product groups, goods, and services from 8 groups (according to Government Decree No.181/2013/ND-CP dated 14 November 2013 (“Decree 181”)) to 11 groups.

The list of 11 groups includes: (i) Cosmetics; (ii) Food (cancelling Food Additives and Functional Foods according to Decree 181); (iii) Milk and nutritional products for infants not including breast milk substitutes for children under 24 months of age, nutritional supplements for children under 6 months of age; feeding bottles and artificial nipples; (iv) Chemicals; insecticides and disinfectants used in households and healthcare; (v) Medical devices; (vi) Medical examination and treatment services; (vii) Plant protection products, veterinary drugs, animal feed, aquatic feed, aquaculture environmental treatment products, livestock waste treatment products, aquatic species, livestock breeds and livestock breeding products (adding Aquatic feed, aquaculture environmental treatment products, livestock waste treatment products, aquatic species; and cancelling Plant protection raw materials, plant protection supplies, beneficial organisms used in plant protection; Veterinary supplies according to Decree 181); (viii) Fertilizers (cancelling Biological preparations for crop cultivation, biological preparations for livestock farming according to Decree 181); (ix) Plant varieties; (x) Medicines; and (xi) Alcoholic beverages, including spirits with an alcohol content of less than 15 degrees, beer and other alcoholic beverage products containing food-grade alcohol as prescribed (added in comparison with Decree 181).

At the same time, Decree 342 adds several specific requirements for advertising certain groups of products and services related to human health, including cosmetics, insecticides, disinfectants used in households and healthcare, medical devices, medical examination and treatment services, etc.

It can be seen that the new regulations of Decree 342 have been issued to enhance transparency in advertising activities; protect consumers’ rights; and limit misleading and false advertisements for products and services that directly affect human health and the environment.




Notable new points of the Law on Investment 2025

The Law on Investment No. 143/2025/QH15 (“LOI 2025”), which was adopted by the National Assembly on 11 December 2025, replacing the Law on Investment No. 61/2020/QH14 (“LOI 2020”) will officially take effect from 01 March 2026.

The LOI 2025 introduces many important amendments and supplements, reflecting Vietnam’s continued efforts to improve the investment environment, simplify administrative procedures, and adjust the investment management framework toward more clarity and flexibility. In particular, several new regulations relating to investment conditions, investment policy approval, investment incentive mechanisms, and decentralization of authority, etc., may have direct or indirect impacts on the investment activities of foreign investors in Vietnam. On that basis, this article highlights certain key amendments of the LOI 2025 that may be of interest to foreign investors in Vietnam.

1. Foreign investors are no longer required to have an investment project prior to establishing an enterprise

Under the current regulations, before setting up an economic organization (including an enterpiese) in Vietnam, a foreign investor is required to have an investment project and conduct procedures to obtain the Investment Registration Certificate (“IRC”).

However, the LOI 2025 allows foreign investors to establish an economic organization for the purpose of implemeting an investment project before carrying out procedures to obtain an IRC, provided that the market access conditions applicable to foreign investors at the time of establishment of tge economic organization are satisfied. Pursuant to the draft Decree guiding the implementation of the LOI 2025, currently being prepared by the Government, the statutory time limit for the completion of the IRC application procedure is 06 months from the date of establishment of the economic organization.

This may be considered as one of the notable new points of the LOI 2025 compared to the LOI 2020, contributing to the assurance of the principle of equal treatment between domestic investors and foreign investors in carrying out these procedures.

2. Change to prohibited business lines and conditional business lines

Compared to the LOI 2020, the LOI 2025 has removed nearly 40 conditional business lines across various sectors, meaning that enterprises are no longer required to obtain licenses to conduct business activities in these sectors. Notable examples of business lines removed from the conditional list include: (i) in logistics, import–export and transportation such as: temporary import and re-export of goods subject to special consumption tax, frozen food products, and used goods; multimodal transport services; maritime safety assurance services; and sea tugboat services; (ii) in construction area such as: construction activities of foreign contractors and architectural services; (iii) in the trade and industrial services such as automobile warranty and maintenance services; and (iv) technology and data infrastructure such as data center and data storage services, etc.

The LOI 2025 also adjusts the scope of about 20 other conditional business lines, for example: (i) regarding Printing services, printing of packaging not containing product labels is no longer subject to licensing requirements; , or (ii) the business line of Construction execution services has been revised to “Practicing as a construction site commander”, whereby enterprises operating in this field are no longer subject to investment conditions at the enterprise level, instead conditions are applied to individuals holding the position of construction site commander in accordance with construction laws. The list of conditional business lines under the LOI 2025 will take effect as of 1 July 2026.

Additionally, the LOI 2025 formally includes “Trading in electronic cigarettes and heated tobacco products” in the list of prohibited business lines in Vietnam, following the policy approved by the National Assembly in Resolution No. 173/2024/QH15, effective from 01 January 2025.

3. Investment project subject to invesment policy approval and approving authority

While the LOI 2020 does not directly specify the types of projects subject to investment policy approval, but instead regulates such projects based on the approving authority of each competent body, the LOI 2025 adopts a different approach by expressly identifying 20 categories of projects that are required to obtain investment policy approval. This approach enhance clarity, consistency, and ease of application in practice.

At the same time, the LOI 2025 also revises the allocation of authority for investment policy approval toward greater decentralization. Accordingly, the National Assembly only approves investment policies for projects requiring special mechanisms or policies that differ from the provisions of laws or resolutions of the National Assembly; the Prime Minister approves investment policies for certain important projects that have significant impacts on socio-economic development or national defense and security; while provincial-level People’s Committees are authorized to decide on a larger number of project types. For example, for housing and urban area development projects, the LOI 2025 assigns investment policy approval authority to provincial-level People’s Committees without distinguishing based on land area or population size (except for special cases), whereas under the LOI 2020, projects with a land area of 50 hectares or more or a population size of 15,000 people or more fell under the approval authority of the Prime Minister.

4. Special investment procedure

Regarding the special investment procedure, the LOI 2025 adds “International financial centers” to the list of areas eligible for the special investment procedures when investment projects are located therein, except for projects subject to approval of investment policy in accordance with Government regulations.

Under the new regulations, the Government will specify in detail the sectors eligible for special investment procedures, whereas previously, such sectors were specified under the LOI 2020.

5. Business lines eligible for investment incentives

Instead of specifically listing the business lines eligible for investment incentives as under the LOI 2020, the LOI 2025 (Article 15) adopts a goal-oriented approach. Specifically, the LOI 2025 introduces the concept of ‘investment incentive business lines’ as those prioritized for investment in order to achieve defined objectives, and sets out such objectives. Notable objectives under the LOI 2025 include “Development of science and technology, innovation, digital transformation, digital technology industry and the semiconductor industry; Development of the green economy, circular economy, sharing economy, and digital economy; etc.” as well as other socio-economic development objectives as prescribed.

6. Beneficiaries of special investment incentives and supports

The LOI 2025 no longer prescribes detailed requirements regarding investment capital scale and disbursement schedules for projects to be eligible for special incentives and support. Instead, such matters are to be prescribed by the Government, enabling a greater flexibility for certain specializedsectors such as pharmaceuticals, digital technology industries, and chemicals.